Carbon footprints for the energy sector, from fuel to socket.
We measure the inventory of power generators, distributors and fuel companies at the level of detail investors and reduction targets ask for: every plant with its fuel and its output, electricity split between generation and grid losses, and sold fuels in scope 3.
GHG Protocol
ISO 14064‑1
SBTi Net-Zero V2
ISO 14067
CDP
IFRS S2
A solar farm burns no fuel, but it has panels, inverters and transformers. They go into the inventory too.
The chain
From fuel to user, with the emissions of every stage
In energy, the same kilowatt-hour causes emissions in several places and several scopes. The inventory follows the whole chain so each one lands where it belongs.
Fuel
Extraction, refining and transport of the plants' fuel (category 3)
Generation
Combustion in turbines, engines and boilers
Equipment refrigerants
Panels, inverters and batteries (capital goods)
Transmission
High-voltage lines and transformers, per kilometre
Grid losses, for whoever buys the energy (category 3)
Distribution
Low-voltage networks, per kilometre
Maintenance fleet
User
Purchased electricity, location- and market-based
Combustion of sold fuels (category 11)
Swipe to see the whole chain
Scope 1
Scope 2
Scope 3
Generation
Every plant, with its fuel and its intensity
A generator doesn't have a single emission factor: it has a combined-cycle plant, a peaking turbine and a renewable farm, each with its own intensity. The inventory takes them separately and adds them up.
Version 2 of the SBTi Net-Zero Standard also asks companies to report how much of the electricity they consume is low-carbon, and allows the scope 2 target to be set as an increase in that share.
Combustion by plant
Natural gas, diesel or fuel oil, with each unit's consumption.
Intensity per MWh
Tonnes of CO₂e per megawatt-hour generated, per plant and for the company.
Low-carbon electricity
Total consumption and low-carbon share, the mandatory base-year metrics in SBTi V2.
Footprint per MWh
Product footprint of the electricity generated under ISO 14067.
Generation 2025Illustrative example
Plant
MWh
t CO₂e/MWh
Combined cycle · natural gas
1,840,000
0.36
Peaking turbine · diesel
120,000
0.74
Solar farmLow-carbon
410,000
0.00
Wind farmLow-carbon
530,000
0.00
Company intensity
0.26 t CO₂e/MWh
Low-carbon generation
32%
Purchased electricity
Every kilowatt-hour, split into two scopes
A kilowatt-hour a company buys emits at the power plant, which is scope 2, and in what happens before: fuel production and the energy lost in the lines, which is scope 3, category 3.
The lower the voltage it connects at, the more grid the energy travels and the more losses it carries. So the platform splits every kilowatt-hour by country and voltage level.
By voltage level
High, medium and low voltage, each with its grid losses.
By country
The grid factor of every country where the company consumes.
Market-based
Renewable contracts and certificates per site, and the residual mix for the rest.
No double counting
Generation goes in scope 2; losses and fuel, in category 3.
We compare your targets with those of energy and utilities companies in the region that have entered the Science Based Targets process: how many have a validated target, what reduction they commit to, and by when.
How do your targets compare with your sector in the region?
Illustrative values. Universe: sector companies that entered the SBTi process.
Frequently asked questions
For whoever buys electricity, they go into scope 3 category 3, together with the production of the power plants' fuel. The platform splits every kilowatt-hour into generation, which is scope 2, and that scope 3 share, by country and voltage level.
Version 2 of the Net-Zero Standard requires reporting the base year's total electricity consumption and what share of it is low-carbon. It also allows the scope 2 target to be set as a linear increase in that share instead of an emissions reduction.
Yes. Combustion of sold fuels is scope 3 category 11, and for a fuel company it is usually most of its footprint.
With the operational inventory and the farm's capital goods —panels, inverters, transformers and lines per kilometre—, and the footprint per megawatt-hour generated under ISO 14067.
With the two figures the GHG Protocol requires: location-based, with the grid factor, and market-based, with each site's contracts and certificates and the residual mix for the rest of the consumption.
Want to see your plants in the platform?
Bring each plant's generation and fuel use, and in the demo we'll show you the intensity per MWh and the inventory by scope.
